“Among the duties of the president is that of constantly reviewing the credits of the bank.”
Nineteenth century commercial banks earned their profits to a large extent by financing the inventories of shopkeepers and their supply chains. The expansion of manufacturing during the Industrial Revolution resulted in lower prices, broader distribution channels and an explosion in mercantile trade. As the first department stores were developed in the early 1850s, merchants increasingly asked for greater lines of credit to support their growing businesses.